Cuáles son las 100 preguntas del examen para obtener la ciudadanía de Estados Unidos

Si estás por hacer tu examen para obtener la ciudadanía de Estados Unidos, necesitas prepararte para que tu trámite resulte exitoso y consigas la nacionalidad americana. El gobierno pone al alcance de los solicitantes la guía con las 100 preguntas que podrían venir en la prueba, con la finalidad de que las personas lleguen mejor preparadas. El examen contempla cuestionamientos de todo tipo sobre la Unión Americana, desde su historia hasta sus días festivos.

El examen para obtener la ciudadanía de Estados Unidos es complicado y nunca se sabe qué podría preguntar el oficial consular de manera exacta, ya que éste se basa en una guía de 100 preguntas relacionadas con la historia y cultura cívica de la Unión Americana y, de dicha guía, solamente elige 10 preguntas para hacerte el día de tu prueba. Es importante que contestes de manera acertada al menos 6 preguntas para que se te otorgue la nacionalidad estadounidense.

¿Cuántas oportunidades tienes para pasar el examen de ciudadanía? Cuentas únicamente con 2 oportunidades por solicitud para aprobarlo. Es importante que consideres que dicha prueba se hace en inglés, por lo que tu dominio del idioma debe ser bueno, ya que el oficial consular realizará los cuestionamientos y es fundamental que entiendas lo que dice y que tu respuesta la pronuncies lo mejor posible. Sólo a ciertas personas se les hace el examen en español y generalmente se tratan de adultos mayores.

Las preguntas para obtener la ciudadanía estadounidense son variadas e incluyen varios temas, entre los que destacan historia, política, economía, geografía y cultura cívica. Para poder convertirte en ciudadano de los Estados Unidos y hacer esta prueba, antes tienes que cumplir con los siguientes requisitos que son: tener 18 años de edad en el momento que presente su solicitud; ser un residente permanente legal por los pasados tres o cinco años; haber residido y estado físicamente presente en Estados Unidos; poder leer, escribir y hablar inglés básico; demostrar buen carácter moral; demostrar una lealtad a los principios de la Constitución de los Estados Unidos y estar dispuesto a tomar el Juramento de Lealtad.

Las 100 preguntas del examen para obtener la ciudadanía de Estados Unidos en 2024

A continuación, te compartimos las 100 preguntas en inglés con sus respuestas del examen para conseguir la nacionalidad estadounidense; estúdialas y repasa su pronunciación:

• 1. What is the supreme law of the land?

The Constitution

• 2. What does the Constitution do?

Sets up the government, defines the government, protects basic rights of Americans

• 3. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?

We the People

• 4. What is an amendment?

a change (to the Constitution)

an addition (to the Constitution)

• 5. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?

the Bill of Rights

• 6. What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment?

speech

religion

assembly

press

petition the government

• 7. How many amendments does the Constitution have?

twenty-seven (27)

• 8. What did the Declaration of Independence do?

announced our independence (from Great Britain)

declared our independence (from Great Britain)

said that the United States is free (from Great Britain)

• 9. What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence?

life

liberty

pursuit of happiness

• 10. What is freedom of religion?

You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion.

• 11. What is the economic system in the United States?

capitalist economy

market economy

• 12. What is the “rule of law”?

Everyone must follow the law.

Leaders must obey the law.

Government must obey the law.

No one is above the law.

• 13. Name one branch or part of the government.

Congress

legislative

President

executive

the courts

judicial

• 14. What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?

checks and balances

separation of powers

• 15. Who is in charge of the executive branch?

the President

• 16. Who makes federal laws?

Congress

Senate and House (of Representatives)

(U.S. or national) legislature

• 17. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

the Senate and House (of Representatives)

• 18. How many U.S. Senators are there?

one hundred (100)

• 19. We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?

six (6)

• 20. Who is one of your state’s U.S. Senators now?

Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents and residents of U.S. territories should answer that D.C. (or the territory where the applicant lives) has no U.S. Senators.]

• 21. The House of Representatives has how many voting members?

four hundred thirty-five (435)

• 22. We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?

Two (2)

• 23. Name your U.S. Representative.

Answers will vary. [Residents of territories with nonvoting Delegates or Resident Commissioners may provide the name of that Delegate or Commissioner. Also acceptable is any statement that the territory has no (voting) Representatives in Congress.]

• 24. Who does a U.S. Senator represent?

all people of the state

• 25. Why do some states have more Representatives than other states?

(because of) the state’s population

(because) they have more people

(because) some states have more people

• 26. We elect a President for how many years?

four (4)

• 27. In what month do we vote for President?

November

• 28. What is the name of the President of the United States now?

Joseph R. Biden 

Joe Biden 

Biden 

• 29. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now? 

Kamala D. Harris

Kamala Harris

Harris

• 30. If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

the Vice President

• 31. If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

the Speaker of the House

• 32. Who is the Commander in Chief of the military?

the President

• 33. Who signs bills to become laws?

the President

• 34. Who vetoes bills?

the President

• 35. What does the President’s Cabinet do?

advises the President

• 36. What are two Cabinet-level positions?

Secretary of Agriculture

Secretary of Commerce

Secretary of Defense

Secretary of Education

Secretary of Energy

Secretary of Health and Human Services

Secretary of Homeland Security

Secretary of Housing and Urban Development

Secretary of the Interior

Secretary of Labor

Secretary of State

Secretary of Transportation

Secretary of the Treasury

Secretary of Veterans Affairs

Attorney General

Vice President

• 37. What does the judicial branch do?

reviews laws

explains laws

resolves disputes (disagreements)

decides if a law goes against the Constitution

• 38. What is the highest court in the United States?

the Supreme Court

• 39. How many justices are on the Supreme Court?

nine (9) 

• 40. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?

John Roberts 

John G. Roberts, Jr.

• 41. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government?

to print money

to declare war

to create an army

to make treaties

• 42. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?

provide schooling and education

provide protection (police)

provide safety (fire departments)

give a driver’s license

approve zoning and land use

• 43. Who is the Governor of your state now?

Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. does not have a Governor.]

• 44. What is the capital of your state?

Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. is not a state and does not have a capital. Residents of U.S. territories should name the capital of the territory.]

• 45. What are the two major political parties in the United States?

Democratic and Republican

• 46. What is the political party of the President now?

Democratic (Party) 

• 47. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now? 

Mike Johnson

Johnson

C: Rights and Responsibilities

• 48. There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.

Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote).

You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote.

Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.)

A male citizen of any race (can vote).

• 49. What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens?

serve on a jury

vote in a federal election

• 50. Name one right only for United States citizens.

vote in a federal election

run for federal office

• 51. What are two rights of everyone living in the United States?

freedom of expression

freedom of speech

freedom of assembly

freedom to petition the government

freedom of religion

the right to bear arms

• 52. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?

the United States

the flag

• 53. What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen?

give up loyalty to other countries

defend the Constitution and laws of the United States

obey the laws of the United States

serve in the U.S. military (if needed)

serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed)

be loyal to the United States

• 54. How old do citizens have to be to vote for President?

eighteen (18) and older

• 55. What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy?

vote

join a political party

help with a campaign

join a civic group

join a community group

give an elected official your opinion on an issue

call Senators and Representatives

publicly support or oppose an issue or policy

run for office

write to a newspaper

• 56. When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms?

April 15

• 57. When must all men register for the Selective Service?

at age eighteen (18)

between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26)

• 58. What is one reason colonists came to America?

freedom

political liberty

religious freedom

economic opportunity

practice their religion

escape persecution

• 59. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?

American Indians

Native Americans

• 60. What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves?

Africans

people from Africa

• 61. Why did the colonists fight the British?

because of high taxes (taxation without representation)

because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering)

because they didn’t have self-government

• 62. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

(Thomas) Jefferson

• 63. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?

July 4, 1776

• 64. There were 13 original states. Name three.

New Hampshire

Massachusetts

Rhode Island

Connecticut

New York

New Jersey

Pennsylvania

Delaware

Maryland

Virginia

North Carolina

South Carolina

Georgia

• 65. What happened at the Constitutional Convention?

The Constitution was written.

The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution.

• 66. When was the Constitution written?

1787

• 67. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.

(James) Madison

(Alexander) Hamilton

(John) Jay

Publius

• 68. What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for?

U.S. diplomat

oldest member of the Constitutional Convention

first Postmaster General of the United States

writer of “Poor Richard’s Almanac”

started the first free libraries

• 69. Who is the “Father of Our Country”?

(George) Washington

• 70. Who was the first President?

(George) Washington

• 71. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?

the Louisiana Territory

Louisiana

72. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.

War of 1812

Mexican-American War

Civil War

Spanish-American War

• 73. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.

the Civil War

the War between the States

• 74. Name one problem that led to the Civil War.

slavery

economic reasons

states’ rights

• 75. What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did?

freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation)

saved (or preserved) the Union

led the United States during the Civil War

• 76. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?

freed the slaves

freed slaves in the Confederacy

freed slaves in the Confederate states

freed slaves in most Southern states

• 77. What did Susan B. Anthony do?

fought for women’s rights

fought for civil rights

C: Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information

• 78. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.

World War I

World War II

Korean War

Vietnam War

(Persian) Gulf War

• 79. Who was President during World War I?

(Woodrow) Wilson

•  80. Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II?

(Franklin) Roosevelt

• 81. Who did the United States fight in World War II?

Japan, Germany, and Italy

• 82. Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in?

World War II

• 83. During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States?

Communism

• 84. What movement tried to end racial discrimination?

civil rights (movement)

• 85. What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do?

fought for civil rights

worked for equality for all Americans

• 86. What major event happened on September 11, 2001, in the United States?

Terrorists attacked the United States.

• 87. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States.

Cherokee

Navajo

Sioux

Chippewa

Choctaw

Pueblo

Apache

Iroquois

Creek

Blackfeet

Seminole

Cheyenne

Arawak

Shawnee

Mohegan

Huron

Oneida

Lakota

Crow

Teton

Hopi

Inuit

• 88. Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States.

Missouri (River)

Mississippi (River)

• 89. What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States?

Pacific (Ocean)

• 90. What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States?

Atlantic (Ocean)

• 91. Name one U.S. territory. 

Puerto Rico

U.S. Virgin Islands

American Samoa

Northern Mariana Islands

Guam

• 92. Name one state that borders Canada.

Maine

New Hampshire

Vermont

New York

Pennsylvania

Ohio

Michigan

Minnesota

North Dakota

Montana

Idaho

Washington

Alaska

• 93. Name one state that borders Mexico.

California

Arizona

New Mexico

Texas

• 94. What is the capital of the United States?

Washington, D.C.

• 95. Where is the Statue of Liberty?

New York (Harbor)

Liberty Island

[Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).]

• 96. Why does the flag have 13 stripes?

because there were 13 original colonies

because the stripes represent the original colonies

• 97. Why does the flag have 50 stars?

because there is one star for each state

because each star represents a state

because there are 50 states

• 98. What is the name of the national anthem?

The Star-Spangled Banner

• 99. When do we celebrate Independence Day?

July 4

• 100. Name two national U.S. holidays.

New Year’s Day

Martin Luther King, Jr. Day

Presidents’ Day

Memorial Day

Independence Day

Labor Day

Columbus Day

Veterans Day

Thanksgiving

Christmas